Grid failure
history; Stability classification – voltage and angle stability; Power
transfer equation and stability criteria; CCT(Critical Clearing Time); Basic
power flow relation; (P-F) loop and (Q-V) loop; Factors influencing
stability; Short Circuit Ratio (SCR), H - Inertia Constant; Excitation
Systems; Governor control – Isochronous, APR (Constant KW) and Droop;
Dynamic stability and PSS; Problems in interconnected operation with grid;
GIS (Grid Islanding Scheme) concepts; Symptoms before islanding; Schemes for
islanding; Post islanding load shedding schemes; Frequency based load
shedding scheme; PLC based load shedding scheme and its advantages; Causes
for GIS failures and remedial measures.
